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Agility
improves with users' ability to rapidly and inexpensively re-provision technological infrastructure resources.[
34]
-
Cost
is claimed to be greatly reduced and capital expenditure
is converted to operational expenditure
.[
35]
This ostensibly lowers barriers to entry
,
as infrastructure is typically provided by a third-party and does not
need to be purchased for one-time or infrequent intensive computing
tasks. Pricing on a utility computing
basis is fine-grained with usage-based options and fewer IT skills are required for implementation (in-house).[
36]
-
Device
and location independence
[
37]
enable users to access systems using a web browser regardless of their
location or what device they are using (e.g., PC, mobile). As
infrastructure is off-site (typically provided by a third-party) and
accessed via the Internet, users can connect from anywhere.[
36]
-
Multi-tenancy
enables sharing of resources and costs across a large pool of users thus allowing for:
-
Centralization
of infrastructure in locations with lower costs (such as real estate, electricity, etc.)
-
Peak-load capacity
increases (users need not engineer for highest possible load-levels)
-
Utilization and efficiency
improvements for systems that are often only 10–20% utilized.[
27]
-
Reliability
is improved if multiple redundant sites are used, which makes well designed cloud computing suitable for business continuity
and disaster recovery
.[
38]
Nonetheless, many major cloud computing services have suffered outages,
and IT and business managers can at times do little when they are
affected.[
39]
[
40]
-
Scalability
via dynamic ("on-demand") provisioning
of resources on a fine-grained, self-service basis near real-time, without users having to engineer for peak loads. Performance
is monitored, and consistent and loosely coupled architectures are constructed using web services
as the system interface.[
36]
One of the most important new methods for overcoming performance
bottlenecks for a large class of applications is data parallel
programming on a distributed data grid.[
41]
-
Security
could improve due to centralization of data,[
42]
increased security-focused resources, etc., but concerns can persist
about loss of control over certain sensitive data, and the lack of
security for stored kernels.[
43]
Security is often as good as or better than under traditional systems,
in part because providers are able to devote resources to solving
security issues that many customers cannot afford.[
44]
Providers typically log accesses, but accessing the audit logs
themselves can be difficult or impossible. Furthermore, the complexity
of security is greatly increased when data is distributed over a wider
area and / or number of devices.
-
Maintenance
of cloud computing applications is easier, since they don't have to be
installed on each user's computer. They are easier to support and to
improve since the changes reach the clients instantly.
-
Metering
means that cloud computing resources usage should be measurable and
should be metered per client and application on a daily, weekly,
monthly, and yearly basis.
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